Recent findings highlight the role of the mitochondria in diseases, especially cancer:
[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3941741/|Cancer as a metabolic disease: implications for novel therapeutics]

Quotations:
"Inconsistencies regarding the somatic nuclear gene theory of cancer also come from nuclear/cytoplasmic transfer experiments between tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic cells. Several investigators showed that tumorigenicity is suppressed when cytoplasm from non-tumorigenic cells, containing normal mitochondria, is combined with nuclei from tumor cells (40–44). Moreover, the in vivo tumorigenicity of multiple human and animal tumor types is suppressed when the nucleus from the tumor cell is introduced into the cytoplasm of a non-tumorigenic cell (45–48). Tumors generally did not form despite the continued presence of the tumor-associated mutations"

" These findings suggest that the nuclear genomic defects in these tumor cells have more to do with directing development than with causing tumors.
More recent mitochondrial transfer experiments support the general findings of the nuclear transfer experiments (50,51). The tumorigenic phenotype is suppressed when normal mitochondria are transferred to the tumor cell cytoplasm. On the other hand, the tumorigenic phenotype is enhanced when tumor mitochondria are transferred to a normal cell cytoplasm. These findings further suggest that tumorigenesis is dependent more on mitochondrial function than on the types of mutations in the nucleus.
In contrast to the suppressive effects of normal mitochondria on tumorigenicity, tumorigenicity is enhanced when nuclei of non-tumorigenic cells are combined with cytoplasm from tumor cells (52,53). These observations are consistent with the original view of Darlington that tumor cells arise from defects in the cytoplasm rather than from defects in the nucleus (39). Wallace et al. (53) also showed that introduction of mitochondrial DNA mutations into non-tumorigenic cybrids could reverse the anti-tumorigenic effect of normal mitochondria leading to the conclusion that cancer can be best defined as a type of mitochondrial disease."

"Mitochondrial structure is intimately connected to mitochondrial function. This fact cannot be overemphasized. We have reviewed substantial evidence of morphological, proteomic, and lipidomic abnormalities in mitochondria of numerous types of cancer cells"

"More recent electron micrographic studies from Elliott et al. showed that mitochondria ultrastructure was abnormal to some degree in 778 patients with breast cancer (51). Remarkably, mitochondria were severely reduced in number or were undetectable in the tumor tissue from over 80% of the patients. These findings together with the evidence from the Pedersen (67) review would support Warburg’s central hypothesis that respiration is insufficient in tumor cells."

"Clearly, substantial evidence exists showing that mitochondrial structure, function and respiratory capacity is defective to some degree in all types of tumor cells."

"Any unspecific condition that damages a cell’s respiratory capacity but is not severe enough to kill the cell can potentially initiate the path to a malignant cancer. Reduced respiratory capacity could arise from damage to any mitochondrial protein, lipid or mtDNA. Some of the many unspecific conditions that can diminish a cell’s respiratory capacity thus initiating carcinogenesis include inflammation, carcinogens, radiation (ionizing or ultraviolet), intermittent hypoxia, rare germline mutations, viral infections and age."
~~#090:
Connecting the dots of cancerous development: while we at the root find it to be a form of wound healing (physical or emotional wounds), even a dormant pattern (of sensitization) in the bone leading to the potential of processes in other organs as described in Tanny's thesis, this healing is hampered and lacks a signal to stop. Here, the mitochondria - the cellular respiration - come in.~~

~~#090:Clearly, both addressing the root cause - the wound - and optimizing the current healing environment by [https://www.meta-healthy.life/co2-against-death-fright-and-the-fear-of-suffocation/|breath] and [https://ketogenic.com/keto-for-cancer/|nutrition] are essential for a holistic treatment.~~

"As glucose is the major fuel for tumor energy metabolism through lactate fermentation, the restriction of glucose becomes a prime target for management. However, most normal cells of the body also need glycolytic pathway products, such as pyruvate, for energy production through OxPhos. It therefore becomes important to protect normal cells from drugs or therapies that disrupt glycolytic pathways or cause systemic reduction of glucose. It is well known that ketones can replace glucose as an energy metabolite and can protect the brain from severe hypoglycemia (187–189). Hence, the shift in energy metabolism associated with a low carbohydrate, high-fat ketogenic diet administered in restricted amounts (KD-R) can protect normal cells from glycolytic inhibition and the brain from hypoglycemia."