!Bronchial Mucosa & Muscle
!!Anatomy
The trachea begins at the ((Respiratory - Larynx Mucosa |larynx)) and runs ventral of the ((Digestive - Esophagus (Gullet) Overview|oesophagus)). It is an __elastic tube__ in the ((Respiratory - System Overview|respiratory system)) held open by horseshoe-formed ((Musculoskeletal - Cartilage|cartilage)). It's backside consists of ((Musculoskeletal - Connective Tissue|connective tissue)) and ((Organ Walls - Smooth Muscle Layer|smooth muscle)) that can narrow it by one fourth. 
In the mediastinum, at the level of the fourth thoracic vertebra, the trachea divides into the right and left __primary bronchi__. The bronchi branch into smaller and smaller passageways until they terminate in tiny air sacs called __((Respiratory - Lungs - Alveoli|alveoli))__.

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The hyaline cartilage forms an incomplete ring in the bronchi, giving them a "D"-shaped appearance in the larger bronchi and as small plates and islands in the smaller bronchi. Smooth muscle is present continuously around the bronchi. The cartilage and mucous membrane of the primary bronchi are similar to those in the trachea. As the branching continues through the bronchial tree, the amount of hyaline cartilage in the walls decreases until it is absent in the bronchioles. As the cartilage decreases, the amount of smooth muscle increases. The mucous membrane also undergoes a transition from __ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium__ to simple cuboidal epithelium to simple __squamous epithelium__. The bronchioles are the first airway branches that no longer contain cartilage. They are branches of the bronchi and are smaller than one millimeter in diameter. There are no glands or cartilage in any of the bronchioles and the epithelial cells become more cuboidal in shape. __Control of airflow resistance__ and air distribution in the lungs is controlled by the bronchioles.

{img fileId="38" thumb="box"} graphics: wikipedia, Patrick Lynch

The smooth muscle layer of the bronchi is controlled by the ((Nervous - System Overview|autonomic nervous system)). Stimulation from the sympathicus (stress response) causes these smooth muscles to relax, __dilating the bronchial branches__ allowing more air to pass through the lungs. The parasympathetic nerve causes the smooth muscles of the bronchi to contract, allowing less air through the lungs. Normally the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system are in balance, imbalance being a sign of stress or regeneration phase.

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!!Brain
{img fileId="355" thumb="box"}Insular cortex
graphic: wikipedia, Henry Gray

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!!!Relay:
__Cerebral Cortex__ ( - / + ) territorial area frontal left side (for trachea upper part near larynx) & right side (for trachea lower part & bronchial mucosa)
{img fileId="125" thumb="box"} Cut through cerebral cortex at level of the insula

__Midbrain__ ( + / - ) for bronchial muscle
compare Brain Stem{img fileId="190" thumb="box"}

!!Mind
!!!Theme:
1. Territorial fear - The fear that one´s space will be entered and invaded (male perception depending on hormones), impulse to "roar or bark" away the rival

2. Scare Fright, Speechlessness (female perception depending on hormones): ex<x>pression "sticks in the throat"

!!!Emotions and Thoughts:
1. __Suppressed anger, competition fear, worry__
*Who's that!
*Will he get my position?
*I need to defend my position!
*I'll show them!

2. __Shock, apprehension, perturbance__
*I don't know what to say!
*I went speechless.
*I can't express myself.
*I couldn't utter a sound.

!!!META-Meaning:
*I can express myself freely and easily.
*I respect and I am being respected.

!!Organ
Sensitivity change according to __O__uter __S__kin/Epidermis pattern with __hyperesthesia in regeneration phase__

!!!Stress Phase Symptoms:
There are 2 possible stress reactions: 
*In the UDIN moment or upon a "freeze"-trigger, the (old) vagus induces narrowing of the bronchi.
*The sympathetic nervous system is stimulating __hyperventilation__ and dilation of the bronchi. 
__Wheezing__. is caused by the bronchial muscle (and ((Musculoskeletal - Skeletal Muscles|auxiliary respiratory muscles))) reaction of relaxation up to paralysis.  There may be bronchial cell loss that is not noticed because of decreased sensitivity in stress phase. 
__Depressive states__ in this phase are due to suppression of testosterone (hormonal scale in territorial relays) and vagotonia. 

!!!Regeneration Phase Symptoms:
High fever, swelling and cell proliferation around the affected regions, hyperesthesia causes irritation, e g tickle in the bronchi, first dry and later productive cough
The possible symptoms and diagnoses are:

1. __Tracheitis, tracheobronchitis, bronchitis__ (Bronchiolitis/Bronchopneumonia: see under 2.): Often begins with dry cough and retrosternal pain (chesty cough), later mucous cough, coughing up blood, shortness of breath (dyspnea), fear of suffocation, bronchospasm (when the motoric area is also involved). In this connection, due to the mostly shorter conflict courses and the consequently shorter regeneration phases there is no detectable cell growth.

2. __Broncho-pneumonia/Pneumonia__: Pneumonia could be caused by a dramatically experienced, deep conflict affecting the bronchi/bronchioles deep in the lungs. The major symptoms are: chills, high fever (at the beginning), cough, shortness of breath, possibly chest pain when breathing, tinkling crepitations, wheeting, humming, whistling breath sounds. Typical lab paramters are: elevated CRP-level, later accelerated ESR, leukocytosis, left shift, toxic granulation, eosinopenia and lymphopenia

3. __Atelectasis__: In case of a ((Urinary - Kidneys - Collecting Tubules|KCT))-syndrome prolonged regeneration phase, there can be a swelling of the bronchial mucosa so strong as to result in atelectasis (and decreased ventilation) of the deeper lung regions. Strong cough is a typical symptom.

4. __Bronchial tumor__ (squamous epithelium-carcinoma): In case of a long-lasting, intensive conflict, the cell-regeneration-growth can be diagnosed as a bronchial tumor. By the end of regeneration phase, there aren’t any growing tumors in the lungs (which are often asymptomatic). In the regeneration phase, we often see ’shadows’ on the pulmonary x-ray.

!!!Healing Peak:
Short-termed __bronchiospasms__ and wheezing when muscles are affected, __expiratory stridor__. Absence / unconsciousness possible.
Asthma attacks if in constellation (see below).

!!!Regeneration Phase B:
After the healing peak, the bronchial swelling recedes and the scarring healing begins. Sensitivity is still increased and coughing is usual.
1./2.Tracheitis, Bronchitis, Bronchopneumonia: declining symptoms (possibly hyperesthesia, urge to cough)
3. Atelectasis: slow reventilation of the affected bronchi
4. Bronchial tumor: cell growth slows and stops.

After the completition of the healing process a client might notice these symptoms:
3. Atelectasis: Still reduced ventilation, that may persist as a residual state
4. Bronchial tumor: Possibly, residual cell growth in pulmonary connective tissue, but no more cell proliferation (mitosis)

!!!Biological Meaning:
The essence is the expansion of the bronchi in the stress phase in order to inhale more air and to be able to compete better in competetive situations. Due to the expansion of the bronchi, more oxygen can be taken in for to “roar” the enemy out of the boundaries.

!!Social
!!!Examples:
Territorial fear:
*The client loved his autonomy when working. Now in retirement, he finds his wife dominant. He suffers coughing spells.
*A husband sees his wife flirting with another attractive man and is afraid that she will leave him. After the clarification and a good discussion about the situation he felt assured that there was nothing to worry about (and as part of the regeneration developed bronchitis.
*A five-year-old boy gets a little sister and is threatened by her and believes he will not get enough attention anymore. After his birthday (and much attention) he gets high fever and a chesty cough.

Speechlessness
*After an exhausting hike in the mountains, where he experienced a dangerous ravine, the client got pneumonia. 
*A little girl is frightened when a strange man addresses her in the shopping mall, and she can't see her mother. When they later come home, the girl coughs a lot.

!!Additional Information
Smoking is considered a main risk factor for respiratory diseases. Especially in cases of decreased resilience and lost inner balance (smoking as coping strategy) in stress mode, the body `s filtering and cleansing faculties by the lymphatic system are impaired.
The bronchial mucosa relay belongs to the "territorial relays" in the peri-insular cerebral cortex, with the theme of social position and affiliation. Special rules apply for the meaning of side dominance. Conflicts affect the sexual and social "hormonal scale" and can promote manic or depressive episodes (see "territorial constellations" related to the function of the ((Endocrine - Pituitary Gland - Posterior Lobe|neurohypophysis))).
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!!!Constellations:
__Bronchial Asthma__: Together with another active conflict in one of the territorial relays of the left hemisphere. Mainly, bronchial muscles react with prolonged and enhanced exhale, wheezing, not being able to exhale the remaining air volume from the lungs. Asthma can be triggered by fungi (candida): consider a connection with ((Respiratory - Lungs - Bronchial Goblet Cells|goblet cells)) or((Respiratory - Lungs - Alveoli| lung alveoli))!
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__Status Asthmaticus__: In case of the simultaneous involvement of the ((Respiratory - Larynx - Muscle|laryngeal muscle)) relays (left hemisphere) and the bronchial muscle relays (right hemisphere) during the healing peak. The main symptoms are: chest tightness, shortness of breath, dry cough, use of accessory respiratory muscles, labored breathing, and extreme wheezing. This is an emergency that requires immediate intervention.
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__Levitating or Distanced Constellation__: together with ((Respiratory - Larynx Mucosa |Larynx Mucosa)) relay. Affinity to overview and dreaming of flying or hovering. __Distanced world view__, often spiritual or esoteric. __Positive: wisdom__! 
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If together with stress-active ((Sensory - Eyes - Retina|Retina)) relays (fear of attack from behind), paranoia and spiritual world-saving beliefs appear.

__Mythomania or Talkative Constellation__: together with Superficial rectum mucosa/((Digestive - Anal Mucosa (squamous epithelium)|Anal Epithelium)) relay. Can be both manic (talking) and depressive (writing). __Positive: Communicator__! 
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Together with the ((Digestive - Stomach - Mucosa (Lesser Curvature and Pylorus)|stomach mucosa)) relay (territorial anger/identity) is shows as the typical “Paparazzi” or “Führer” (reckless speaker/writer) constellation.

!!!Differential Diagnosis:
__((Respiratory - Larynx Mucosa |Larynx Mucosa))__ (Cerebral Cortex, -/+) in Regeneration: Hypersensitivity and dry cough from the voice box area, often depressive states
__((Respiratory - Lungs - Bronchial Goblet Cells|Bronchial Goblet Cells))__ (Brain Stem, +/-) with tumor (adenoma) in the stress phase (suffocation fear), bloody cough in regeneration phase and cystic fibrosis after recurring conflicts.
__((Respiratory - Lungs - Alveoli|Lung Alveoli ))__(Brain Stem, +/-) stress phase (death fright): lung cancer; regeneration phase: pneumonia or tuberculosis with night sweat, cough with coagulated blood and broken down tissue.
__((Respiratory - Branchial Arches Pharyngeal Ducts|Pharyngeal Arches)) __(Cerebral Cortex, -/+) with hyperesthesia & coughing in stress phase (frontal fear/Powerlessness), cysts in the mediastinum in the regeneration phase.
