OK, I wanted you to first look on the graphic in yellow and red: for brain stem and cortex. {img fileId="196" thumb="box"} Then to check out these tissues ( ((Digestive - Liver - Parenchyma|liver parenchyma)) and ((Digestive - Gallbladder and Bile Ducts|bile ducts)) ) regarding typical symptoms in stress and regeneration phase, and to compare these. That's it!

You don't need to understand everything mentioned in the "cortex" chapters yet, as we didn't talk about these in detail. This is just to compare the symptom information with the compass!

Regarding the smooth muscle layer, this is working together with the other tissues to perform their biological functions. In the ducts, these are there to release or to restrict bile. In a stress phase, the muscles first slacken to widen the ducts and later, an ulceration of the vessel wall can occur. These are "minus"-reactions to serve a biological demand for more bile.